Managing Ecotourism, Nature-Based Tourism, and Wildlife Tourism

Abstract

Ecotourism, nature-based tourism, and wildlife tourism are essential sub-sectors of the global tourism industry that emphasize the responsible and sustainable use of natural resources, biodiversity conservation, and the promotion of environmental education. These tourism forms have witnessed a significant rise in popularity as travelers increasingly seek immersive, nature-oriented experiences. Ecotourism, nature-based tourism, and wildlife tourism are often viewed as sustainable alternatives to conventional tourism, aligning economic interests with environmental conservation. However, despite the potential benefits, these tourism models present a unique set of challenges that require effective management practices. These challenges include mitigating environmental impacts, managing visitor behavior, ensuring community participation, and balancing economic development with ecological sustainability. This review article delves into the core principles, key benefits, and challenges associated with managing ecotourism, nature-based tourism, and wildlife tourism. It also examines best practices and management frameworks that have been developed and applied across diverse destinations worldwide. Through case studies and a review of existing research, the article provides valuable insights into how these tourism sectors can thrive without compromising environmental integrity and local community well-being. The discussion highlights how sustainable tourism practices, stakeholder collaboration, responsible visitor management, and the integration of conservation objectives can create a harmonious balance between tourism growth and the preservation of natural ecosystems.