The Impact of Vehicle Dynamics on Safety and Performance in Autonomous Driving System

Abstract

Vehicle dynamics is a critical field of study that addresses the motion and control of vehicles by analyzing and optimizing the forces and moments acting upon them. This review article examines the recent advancements in vehicle dynamics and their implications for vehicle performance, safety, and efficiency. Topics discussed include core principles of longitudinal, lateral, and vertical dynamics, as well as the latest technological innovations in areas such as electronic stability control (ESC), active suspension, and steer-by-wire (SbW) systems. These advancements play a crucial role in enhancing vehicle handling, stability, and responsiveness, especially in the context of electric and autonomous vehicles, which present unique dynamics challenges. The review also explores the impact of these technologies on the design and development of electric vehicles (EVs), addressing the challenges of weight distribution, regenerative braking, and optimized suspension for improved performance. Additionally, it covers the dynamic modeling and control systems essential for the stability and path-following accuracy of autonomous vehicles, highlighting the integration of advanced sensor fusion and data processing technologies. Finally, this article discusses emerging research directions, including the potential role of artificial intelligence in adaptive vehicle control and predictive maintenance, setting the stage for future advancements in sustainable vehicle design and intelligent transportation systems.