Efficient Sparse Array Synthesis Using an Alternate Projection Algorithm Inspired by Abstract Compressive Sensing
Abstract
We suggest a straightforward method for sparse array creation in this study. The excitation and position of the components of a sparse array are obtained using a modified generalised alternate projection algorithm with l1-norm constrained minimization. The suggested method is particularly adaptable because it takes into account power pattern masks and permits the insertion of element pattern and mutual coupling effects. Its implementation is rather straightforward because it allows for the use of well-known convex programming techniques. The numerical results obtained by the method are particularly suitable for the synthesis of patterns frequently used in radar systems, and they exhibit good performances in comparison to competing methods that are freely available in the literature
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29. Morabito, A.F.; Laganà, A.R.; Isernia, T. Improving performances of Compressive Sensing in the synthesis of maximally-sparse arrays. In Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI), Memphis, TN, USA, 6–11 July 2014; pp. 61–62.
30. Pinchera, D.; Migliore, M.D. Effective sparse array synthesis using a generalized alternate projection algorithm. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA), Antibes Juan-les-Pins, France, 16–19 November 2014; pp. 1–2.
31. Bucci, O.M.; D’Elia, G.; Mazzarella, G.; Panariello, G. Antenna pattern synthesis: A new general approach
Proc. IEEE 1994, 82, 358–371.
32. Deng, W.; Yin, W.; Zhang, Y. Group sparse optimization by alternating direction method. In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications; International Society for Optics and Photonics: Bellingham, WA,= USA, 2013; p. 88580R.
2. Isernia, T.; Ares, F.; Bucci, O.M.; D’Urso, M.; Gómez, J.F.; Rodriguez, J. A hybrid approach for the optimal
synthesis of pencil beams through array antennas. In Proceedings of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation
Society International Symposium, Monterey, CA, USA, 20–25 June 2004; Volume 3, pp. 2301–2304.
3. Mailloux, R.J. Phased Array Antenna Handbook; Artech House Boston: Norwood, MA, USA, 2005; Volume 2.
4. Cen, L.; Ser, W.; Yu, Z.L.; Rahardja, S.; Cen, W. Linear sparse array synthesis with minimum number of
sensors. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 2010, 58, 720–726.
5. Bucci, O.; Franceschetti, G.; Mazzarella, G.; Panariello, G. Intersection approach to array pattern synthesis. IEE Proc. H-Microw. Antennas Propag. 1990, 137, 349–357.
6. Lebret, H.; Boyd, S. Antenna array pattern synthesis via convex optimization. IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
7. 1997, 45, 526–532.
8. Nemirovski, A.; Yudin, D.B.; Dawson, E.R. Problem Complexity and Method Efficiency in Optimization; John Wiley & Sons Ltd: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 1982.
9. Skolnik, M. Nonuniform Arrays. In Antenna Theory, Part I; McGraw-Hill: New York, NY, USA, 1969; Chapter 6, Volume 42.
10. Mazzarella, G.; Panariello, G. A projection-based synthesis of non-uniform array. In Proceedings of the Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, London, ON, Canada, 24–28 June 1991; pp. 1164–1167.
11. Bucci, O.M.; Perna, S.; Pinchera, D. Advances in the deterministic synthesis of uniform amplitude pencil
beam concentric ring arrays. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 2012, 60, 3504–3509
12. Migliore, M.D.; Pinchera, D. Compressed sensing in electromagnetics: Theory, applications and perspectives.
In Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), Rome, Italy, 11–15
April 2011.
13. Migliore, M.D. A simple introduction to compressed sensing/sparse recovery with applications in antenna
measurements. IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag. 2014, 2, 14–26.
14. Costanzo, S.; Borgia, A.; Di Massa, G.; Pinchera, D.; Migliore, M.D. Radar array diagnosis from undersampled
data using a compressed sensing/sparse recovery technique. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. 2013, 2013, 8.
15. Migliore, M.D. On the sampling of the electromagnetic field radiated by sparse sources. IEEE Trans. Antennas
Propag. 2015, 63, 553–564.
16. Li, K.; Sundin, M.; Rojas, C.R.; Chatterjee, S.; Jansson, M. Alternating strategies with internal ADMM for lowrank matrix reconstruction. Signal Process. 2016, 121,
153–159.
17. Pinchera, D.; Migliore, M.D.; Panariello, G. A Virtual Subarray Architecture for Imaging Radar. IEEE Trans.
Antennas Propag. 2014, 62, 5171–5179.
18. Liu, Y.; Liu, Q.H.; Nie, Z. Reducing the number of elements in the synthesis of shaped-beam patterns
by the forward-backward matrix pencil method. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 2010, 58, 604–608.
19. Pinchera, D.; Migliore, M.D. Comparison guidelines and benchmark procedure for sparse array synthesis. Prog. Electromagn. Res. M 2016, 52, 129–139.
20. Nai, S.E.; Ser, W.; Yu, Z.L.; Chen, H. Beampattern synthesis for linear and planar arrays with antenna selection by convex optimization. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 2010, 58, 3923–3930.
21. Hui, H.T. Decoupling methods for the mutual coupling effect in antenna arrays: A review. Recent Pat. Eng.
2007, 1, 187–193.
22. Bucci, O.M.; Isernia, T.; Perna, S.; Pinchera, D. Isophoric sparse arrays ensuring global coverage in satellite
communications. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 2014, 62, 1607–1618.
23. Mazzarella, G.; Panariello, G. Pattern synthesis of conformal arrays. In Proceedings of the Antennas and
Propagation Society International Symposium, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, 1993; pp. 1054–1057.
24. Bucci, O.M.; Pinchera, D. A generalized hybrid approach for the synthesis of uniform amplitude pencil beam
ring-arrays. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 2012, 60, 174–183.
25. Bucci, O.M.; Perna, S.; Pinchera, D. Synthesis of isophoric sparse arrays allowing zoomable beams and
arbitrary coverage in satellite communications. IEEE TransAntennas Propag. 2015, 63, 1445–1457.
26. Bucci, O.M.; Migliore, M.D.; Panariello, G.; Pinchera, D. An effective algorithm for the synthesis of a plane
wave generator for linear array testing. In Proceedings of the IEEE APS International Symposium, Chicago,
IL, USA, 8–14 July 2012; pp. 1–2.
27. Bucci, O.M.; Migliore, M.D.; Panariello, G.; Pinchera, D. Plane-wave generators: Design guidelines, achievable performances and effective synthesis. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 2013, 61, 2005–2018. Oliveri, G.; Carlin, M.; Massa, A. Complex-weight sparse linear array synthesis by Bayesian compressive sampling. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 2012, 60, 2309–2326.
28. Fuchs, B. Synthesis of sparse arrays with focused or shaped beampattern via sequential convex optimizations. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 2012, 60, 3499–3503.
29. Morabito, A.F.; Laganà, A.R.; Isernia, T. Improving performances of Compressive Sensing in the synthesis of maximally-sparse arrays. In Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI), Memphis, TN, USA, 6–11 July 2014; pp. 61–62.
30. Pinchera, D.; Migliore, M.D. Effective sparse array synthesis using a generalized alternate projection algorithm. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA), Antibes Juan-les-Pins, France, 16–19 November 2014; pp. 1–2.
31. Bucci, O.M.; D’Elia, G.; Mazzarella, G.; Panariello, G. Antenna pattern synthesis: A new general approach
Proc. IEEE 1994, 82, 358–371.
32. Deng, W.; Yin, W.; Zhang, Y. Group sparse optimization by alternating direction method. In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications; International Society for Optics and Photonics: Bellingham, WA,= USA, 2013; p. 88580R.
Published
2023-10-16
How to Cite
AGNIHOTRI, Atul.
Efficient Sparse Array Synthesis Using an Alternate Projection Algorithm Inspired by Abstract Compressive Sensing.
Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical Engineering and Technology, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 1, p. 12-19, oct. 2023.
Available at: <http://thejournalshouse.com/index.php/electrical-engg-technology/article/view/840>. Date accessed: 22 dec. 2024.
Section
Review Article
