Advancements in Optical Current Sensors for High Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract
A new generation of smart grids may find the inherent benefits of optical sensor technology to be highly useful. These benefits are especially attractive for high voltage applications. A review of optical sensor technologies for electrical current metering in high voltage applications is provided by the authors in this publication. Along with a more in-depth focus on contemporary developments, a brief historical summary is provided. All fibre sensors, bulk magneto-optical sensors, piezoelectric transducers, magnetic force sensors, and hybrid sensors are among the technologies covered. The fundamental benefits and drawbacks of physical concepts are explained. Configurations and methods to deal with issues such magnetic field-induced linear birefringence, interference from outside currents, and others are described. The most recent technology, including commercially available systems, is given.
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14. Sun, L.; Jiang, S.; Marciante, J.R. Compact all-fiber optical Faraday components using 65-wt%- terbiumdoped
fiber with a record Verdet constant of −32 rad/ (Tm). Opt. Express 2010, 18, 12191–12196.
15. Rose, A.H.; Ren, Z.B.; Day, G.W. Twisting and annealing optical fiber for current sensors. J. Lightwave Technol.
1996, 14, 2492–2498.
16. Laming, R.I.; Payne, D.N. Electric-current sensors employing spun highly birefringent optical fibers. J.
Lightwave Technol. 1989, 7, 2084–2094.
17. Bohnert, K.; Gabus, P.; Brandle, H. Towards commercial use of optical fiber current sensors. In Conference on
Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO 2000), San Francisco, CA, USA, 7–12 May 2000; pp. 303–304.
18. Tang, D.; Rose, A.H.; Day, G.W.; Etzel, S.M. Annealing of linear birefringence in single-mode fiber coils—
Application to optical fiber current sensors. J. Lightwave Technol. 1991, 9, 1031–1037.
19. Rose, A.H.; Etzel, S.M.; Wang, C.M. Verdet constant dispersion in annealed optical fiber current sensors.
J. Lightwave Technol. 1997, 15, 803–807.
20. Drexler, P.; Fiala, P. Utilization of Faraday mirror in fiber optic current sensors. Radioengineering2008,
17, 101–107.
21. Zhou, S.; Zhang, X. Simulation of linear birefringence reduction in fiberoptical current sensor.IEEE Photon.
Technol. Lett. 2007, 19, 1568–1570.
22. Kurosawa, K.; Yamashita, K.; Sowa, T.; Yamada, Y. Flexible fiber faraday effect current sensor using flint
glass fiber and reflection scheme. IEICE Trans. Electron. 2000, 83, 326–330.
23. Bohnert, K.; Philippe, G.; Hubert, B.; Guggenbach, P. Highly accurate fiber-optic DC current sensor for the
electrowinning industry. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. Mag. 2005, 43, 180–187.
24. Zimmermann, A.C.; Besen, M.; Encinas, L.S.; Nicolodi, R. Improving Optical Fiber Current Sensor Accuracy using Artificial Neural Networks to Compensate Temperature and Minor Non-Ideal Effects. In the 21st International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, Ottawa, Canada, 21 May 2011, pp. 77535Q:1–77535Q:4.
25. The ABB Group—Automation and Power Technologies. Available online: http://www.abb.com/ (accessed on
14 December 2011).
26. Rahmatian, F.; Blake, J.N. Applications of high-voltage fiber optic current sensors. In IEEE Power Engineering
Society General Meeting, Montreal, Canada, 18 June 2006; pp. 1–6.
27. Alstom Grid. Available online: http://www.nxtphase. com/ (accessed on 12 Dezember 2011).
28. Ripka, P. Electric current sensors: A review. Meas. Sci. Technol. 2010, 21, 1–23.
29. Walsey, G.A.; Fisher, N.E. Control of the Critical Angle of Reflection in an Optical Current Sensor. In Optical
Fiber Sensors 12, Williamburg, VA, USA, 28 October 1997; pp. 237–240.
30. Bush, S.P.; Jackson, D.A. Numerical investigations of the effects of birefringence and total internal reflection
on Faraday effect current sensors. Appl. Opt. 1992, 31, 5366–5374.
31. Sato, T.; Takahashi, G.T.; Inui, Y. Method and apparatus for optically measuring a current. Patent Number:
4564754, 1986.
32. Fisher, N.E.; Jackson, D.A. Vibration immunity and Ampere’s circuital law for a near perfect triangular
Faraday current sensor. Meas. Sci. Technol. 1996, 7, 1099–1102.
33. Yi, B.; Chu, B.; Chiang, K.S. Magneto-optical electriccurrent sensor with enhanced sensitivity.Meas. Sci.
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Published
2023-03-25
How to Cite
PANDEY, Dr. Badri Narayan; KUMAR, Sumit.
Advancements in Optical Current Sensors for High Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review.
Journal of Advanced Research in Geo Sciences & Remote Sensing, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 1&2, p. 40-55, mar. 2023.
ISSN 2455-3190.
Available at: <http://thejournalshouse.com/index.php/geoscience-remotesensing-earth/article/view/783>. Date accessed: 22 dec. 2024.
Section
Review Article
