Networking Protocols for Mobile Environments

Abstract

Mobile networking protocols have evolved significantly, shaping the landscape of global connectivity. This comprehensive review navigates through the historical evolution, contemporary challenges, and future trajectories of networking protocols in mobile environments. From the foundational transitions of analog to digital communication to the advent of 5G networks, protocols have adapted to meet the diverse demands of a connected world. Challenges such as mobility management, QoS provisioning, energy efficiency, and security have driven innovative adaptations in TCP/IP, UDP, SCTP, and specialized mobile-centric protocols. The future promises transformative shifts with beyond-5G networks, leveraging terahertz communication, AI-driven optimizations, quantum-inspired security, and sustainable protocols. This exploration underscores the dynamic interplay between technology, innovation, and the relentless pursuit of seamless connectivity in an ever-evolving mobile communication landscape.